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2. The Influenza Epidemic of 1918 (共65個)
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  • 發音 influenza
    流行性感冒
    Most influenza pandemics start in Asia.
  • 發音 epidemic
    流行病，傳染病
    A pandemic, or worldwide epidemic, had begun.
  • 發音 Massachusetts
    麻薩諸塞州(美國東部的州)
    A soldier was brought to the hospital at Camp Devens outside Boston, Massachusetts.
  • 發音 feverish
    發熱的，發燒的
    He was feverish and aching so badly that he screamed whenever he was touched.
  • 發音 symptom
    1. 症狀，2. 征兆
    Hundreds of more men poured into the hospital with similar symptoms.
  • 發音 contagious
    傳染性的
    The highly contagious illness had swept through the large camp.
  • 發音 treatment
    1. 療法，(2. 對待，待遇)
    Many stood outside, waiting for treatment as they clutched blankets and grew weaker.
  • 發音 clutch
    1. 緊握，抓住，(2. 掌控)
    Many stood outside, waiting for treatment as they clutched blankets and grew weaker.
  • 發音 pneumonia
    肺炎
    Approximately a hundred men a day came down with pneumonia.
  • 發音 literally
    照字面地
    Blood poured from their noses and mouths, and they literally drowned to death.
  • 發音 victim
    受害者，犧牲者，犧牲
    People soon began calling the disease the Blue Death because victims ' skin often turned blue.
  • 發音 detect
    發覺，察覺，偵測到
    Some were in the early stages of the illness, before it could be detected.
  • 發音 civilian
    平民，百姓
    The Blue Death spread like wildfire, soon infecting the civilian population as well.
  • 發音 pandemic
    (疾病)全國流行的
    A pandemic, or worldwide epidemic, had begun.
  • 發音 originate
    起源，發源
    The 1918 pandemic originated in three countries.
  • 發音 expert
    1. 專家，權威，(2. 專門的，熟練的)
    Some experts think that half of the world population was eventually infected.
  • 發音 infect
    傳染，感染
    Some experts think that half of the world population was eventually infected.
  • 發音 particularly
    特別，尤其
    India was hit particularly hard, with some estimates of nearly twenty million deaths.
  • 發音 estimate
    推測，估計
    India was hit particularly hard, with some estimates of nearly twenty million deaths.
  • 發音 remote
    1. 遙遠的，偏僻的，(2. (電視等的)遙控器 (=remotecontrol))
    Even remote areas were not immune.
  • 發音 immune
    免疫的
    Even remote areas were not immune.
  • 發音 wipe out
    消滅，徹底摧毀
    Villages in the far reaches of Alaska were completely wiped out.
  • 發音 neutral
    中立的，不偏不倚的
    Spain was a politically neutral country during World War I.
  • 發音 meant
    1. 表示 (mean-meant)，(2. 預定，打算)
    This meant that Spanish newspapers were not censored.
  • 發音 censor
    檢查(出版物等)，審查，(2. (出版物、電影等的)審查員)
    Spanish newspapers were not censored.
  • 發音 flu
    流行性感冒
    The 1918 flu epidemic is also known as the Spanish influenza.
  • 發音 frequent
    經常發生的，頻繁的
    Children were frequent victims too.
  • 發音 rhyme
    1. 押韻詩，(單調的)歌，(2. (兩個音節或單字)押韻)，3. 押韻(讓單詞都以相同音韻結尾))
    A popular jump-rope rhyme soon acquired chilling new words.
  • 發音 chilling
    寒冷的，陰冷的
    A popular jump-rope rhyme soon acquired chilling new words.
  • 發音 misconception
    誤會，錯覺
    Dangerous Misconceptions
  • 發音 virus
    病毒(比細菌更小，具有傳染性的病原體微生物)
    If the virus infects the lungs, pneumonia can develop.
  • 發音 seriously
    認真地，嚴肅地，嚴重地
    As more people grew seriously ill, public health departments reacted strongly.
  • 發音 public
    1. 公衆的，公共的，(2. 公衆，3. (開放給一般民眾的)公開的)
    As more people grew seriously ill, public health departments reacted strongly.
  • 發音 panic
    恐慌，驚慌
    As more people grew seriously ill, fear turned into panic.
  • 發音 ban
    禁止，取締
    Public gatherings such as church services and parades were banned.
  • 發音 gauze
    薄紗
    Throughout the world people wore gauze masks to try to protect themselves from infection.
  • 發音 particle
    (物理)微粒，粒子
    People wearing them could still breathe in small particles of the influenza virus.
  • 發音 rely
    依靠，依賴
    Many people also relied on folk remedies to keep infection away.
  • 發音 folk
    人，人們
    Many people also relied on folk remedies to keep infection away.
  • 發音 remedy
    1. 治療，治療法，(2. 補救，改善)
    Many people also relied on folk remedies to keep infection away.
  • 發音 stuff
    1. 把…裝進，把…塞進，(2. 東西，物品)
    They even stuffed salt up their noses!
  • 發音 laxative
    瀉藥
    Some Americans used laxatives as a treatment for the flu.
  • 發音 addictive
    (毒品等)上癮，易上癮的
    Others turned to addictive substances such as alcohol.
  • 發音 substance
    物質
    Others turned to addictive substances such as alcohol.
  • 發音 crisis
    危機，緊急關頭
    Public health officials did their best to try to manage the crisis.
  • 發音 vaccine
    疫苗(注射到身體裡可以產生免疫力的藥)
    But with neither a vaccine nor any reliable treatments, all they could do was focus on educating people about prevention.
  • 發音 reliable
    可信賴的，可靠的
    But with neither a vaccine nor any reliable treatments, all they could do was focus on educating people about prevention.
  • 發音 poster
    海報
    They printed posters, cartoons, and pamphlets that offered advice on how to stay healthy.
  • 發音 pamphlet
    小冊子
    They printed posters, cartoons, and pamphlets that offered advice on how to stay healthy.
  • 發音 misinformation
    誤報，錯誤的消息
    Even these government documents contained misinformation.
  • 發音 treatable
    能治療的
    While pneumonia is usually treatable, it can lead to death.
  • 發音 seasonal
    季節的，季節性的
    Seasonal flu viruses occur each year, usually during the winter.
  • 發音 outbreak
    (戰爭的)爆發，(疾病的)發作
    Influenza pandemics behave differently than outbreaks of seasonal flu.
  • 發音 strain
    1. (植物、動物的)品種，種類，(2. 重負感，緊張感，3. 竭盡…的全力，4. (肌肉等)扭歪，彎曲，(因用力而)變形)
    Influenza pandemics involve a new strain of the flu virus.
  • 發音 immunity
    免疫力
    Influenza pandemics involve a new strain of the flu virus, one to which people haven't built up any immunity.
  • 發音 strike
    1. (疾病、災難等)侵襲，爆發，(2. 攻擊，進攻，打擊，3. 罷(工、課等))
    The new virus tends to strike harder, and with worse symptoms.
  • 發音 stride
    1. 進步，進展，(2. 大步，闊步，3. 大步走，闊步行進)
    Great strides have been made in understanding influenza.
  • 發音 cope
    對付，妥善處理
    The public is better informed about how to cope with it.
  • 發音 swine
    (家畜)豬
    In 2009 a new pandemic—caused by the H1N1, or " swine flu," virus—made its appearance.
  • 發音 researcher
    研究員，調查員
    Researchers immediately rushed to educate people and develop vaccines.
  • 發音 agency
    1. 專業行政機構, 局, 署, 處, 社，(2. 代辦處，經銷處，仲介)
    Many people were immunized by local health agencies.
  • 發音 prediction
    預言，預測
    Despite predictions of a massive spread of H1N1, experts announced that the pandemic had been milder than expected.
  • 發音 mild
    1. (不強烈的)輕微的，(2. 溫和的，溫柔的，3. 溫暖的，暖和的)
    Experts announced that the pandemic had been milder than expected.
  • 發音 frequently
    經常地，頻繁地
    Wash your hands frequently with soap and water.
  • 發音 discard
    拋棄，扔掉，處置
    Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze—and then discard the tissue!
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